Short answer: cattle cubes (also called range cubes or cake) are a handy way to add protein and energy when pasture or hay is short. They are not a replacement for forage, and they cost more per pound than hay.
What cubes are
Cubes are pressed pellets, usually about 3/4 inch to 1 1/4 inch, made from grain by-products, plant proteins, molasses and minerals. Common protein levels run about 15 to 20 percent. Check the tag on your bag, because formulas vary a lot between brands and whether they contain urea or added vitamins.
Pros
- Convenient. Easy to store, haul and feed from a truck or feeder.
- Consistent. Each cube has the same mix, so every cow gets the same nutrition.
- Trainable. Cattle learn the sound of the truck, which makes moving or checking them easier.
- Useful in winter or drought. Adds protein when dormant grass or low-quality hay is short on it.
- Less dusty than meal. Cubes are easier on the cattle’s airways than fine powder.
Cons
- Cost. Per pound of nutrition, hay or pasture is usually cheaper.
- Bullying. Dominant cows can crowd out shy ones unless you spread the feed out.
- Weather. Wet cubes can crumble or mold.
- Overfeeding risks. Too much concentrate can cause bloat or acidosis, and urea-containing cubes need careful, gradual introduction.
- Wrong product risk. Some cubes are made for cattle only. Feed made for other species can be unsafe, so read the label.
How to feed cubes
- Start with a small amount and increase over a week or two.
- Scatter cubes in a long line on clean ground, or use a trough or cube feeder.
- Keep good hay or pasture available at all times.
- Give fresh water and a mineral that fits your area.
Amounts depend on the cow’s weight, stage and forage quality, so follow the feeding directions on the tag or ask your veterinarian or extension agent. Also see how much sweet feed cows need.
Bottom Line
Cubes are worth it as a targeted supplement when forage is short on protein, but hay and pasture should still do most of the work. Introduce them slowly, feed them where every cow can reach them, and ask your vet if you are unsure about amounts.
