Newly hatched ducklings should eat a non-medicated, high-protein waterfowl or chick starter feed, with fresh water always beside it. Add a niacin boost (such as brewer’s yeast), because ducklings need more niacin than chicks, and never feed bread.
The First Day
Ducklings can live on the nutrients from the yolk for the first 24 to 48 hours after hatching. Once they are dry, fluffy and moving around in a warm brooder, offer starter feed and water together. Dip the beak into the water so they find it.
The Right Starter Feed
- Protein: about 18 to 20 percent for the first two weeks is a common recommendation, then roughly 16 to 18 percent as they grow.
- Non-medicated: ducklings eat and drink much more than chicks, so they can take in more medication than intended. Most waterfowl keepers choose unmedicated feed.
- Form: crumbles or mash, not large pellets, for easy swallowing. Soaking in a little water can help at first.
- Niacin: ducklings that do not get enough can develop weak legs. Mix in brewer’s yeast following the package directions, or choose a waterfowl starter that already contains extra niacin.
Water Matters as Much as Feed
- Offer clean water deep enough to dunk their whole bill, so they can clear their nostrils and eyes. It should not be deep enough for them to drown.
- Keep the water near the feed because ducklings drink after nearly every bite.
- Expect messy water. Change it often, and keep the bedding dry.
Treats and Foods to Avoid
- After a week or two: finely chopped greens, such as lettuce, and peas can be added in small amounts. See ducks’ favorite snacks.
- Grit: offer a little chick grit once they eat anything besides starter.
- Avoid: bread, crackers, chips and sugary or salty food. They fill ducklings without nutrition.
Growing Up
From about two to three weeks, move gradually to a grower feed with a bit less protein. Later you can learn about feeding adults in our guide to Indian runner ducks.
Bottom Line
Use unmedicated starter, extra niacin, plenty of water and a warm, dry brooder. Introduce greens slowly and avoid bread.
If a duckling has crooked or weak legs, stops eating or looks lethargic, call a veterinarian who sees poultry or waterfowl.
